Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has emerged as a cutting-edge solution for wastewater treatment due to its remarkable performance in removing organic matter, nutrients, and suspended solids. Recent advances in MBR design and operation have driven significant improvements in process efficiency, reliability, and sustainability. These enhancement

The capability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors in treating industrial wastewater has been a subject of thorough research. These systems offer strengths such as high removal rates for pollutants, compact footprint, and reduced energy usage. This article provides an analysis of recent studies that have evaluated the efficacy of